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Versions: (draft-hares-i2nsf-capability-data-model)
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I2NSF Working Group S. Hares, Ed.
Internet-Draft Huawei
Intended status: Standards Track J. Jeong, Ed.
Expires: March 12, 2021 J. Kim
Sungkyunkwan University
R. Moskowitz
HTT Consulting
Q. Lin
Huawei
September 8, 2020
I2NSF Capability YANG Data Model
draft-ietf-i2nsf-capability-data-model-11
Abstract
This document defines a YANG data model for the capabilities of
various Network Security Functions (NSFs) in the Interface to Network
Security Functions (I2NSF) framework to centrally manage the
capabilities of the various NSFs.
Status of This Memo
This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.
Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute
working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet-
Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.
Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."
This Internet-Draft will expire on March 12, 2021.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (c) 2020 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
document authors. All rights reserved.
This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
(https://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
publication of this document. Please review these documents
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carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must
include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
described in the Simplified BSD License.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3. Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
4. YANG Tree Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
4.1. Network Security Function (NSF) Capabilities . . . . . . 6
5. YANG Data Model of I2NSF NSF Capability . . . . . . . . . . . 9
6. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
7. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
8. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
8.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
8.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Appendix A. Configuration Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
A.1. Example 1: Registration for the Capabilities of a General
Firewall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
A.2. Example 2: Registration for the Capabilities of a Time-
based Firewall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
A.3. Example 3: Registration for the Capabilities of a Web
Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
A.4. Example 4: Registration for the Capabilities of a
VoIP/VoLTE Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
A.5. Example 5: Registration for the Capabilities of a HTTP
and HTTPS Flood Mitigator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Appendix B. Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Appendix C. Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
1. Introduction
As the industry becomes more sophisticated and network devices (e.g.,
Internet of Things, Self-driving vehicles, and smartphone using Voice
over IP (VoIP) and Voice over LTE (VoLTE)), service providers have a
lot of problems described in [RFC8192]. To resolve these problems,
[I-D.ietf-i2nsf-capability] specifies the information model of the
capabilities of Network Security Functions (NSFs) in a framework of
the Interface to Network Security Functions (I2NSF) [RFC8329].
This document provides a YANG data model [RFC6020][RFC7950] that
defines the capabilities of NSFs to centrally manage the capabilities
of those security devices. The security devices can register their
own capabilities into a Network Operator Management (Mgmt) System
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(i.e., Security Controller) with this YANG data model through the
registration interface [RFC8329]. With the capabilities of those
security devices maintained centrally, those security devices can be
more easily managed [RFC8329]. This YANG data model is based on the
information model for I2NSF NSF capabilities
[I-D.ietf-i2nsf-capability].
This YANG data model uses an "Event-Condition-Action" (ECA) policy
model that is used as the basis for the design of I2NSF Policy as
described in [RFC8329] and [I-D.ietf-i2nsf-capability]. The "ietf-
i2nsf-capability" YANG module defined in this document provides the
following features:
o Definition for general capabilities of network security functions.
o Definition for event capabilities of generic network security
functions.
o Definition for condition capabilities of generic network security
functions.
o Definition for condition capabilities of advanced network security
functions.
o Definition for action capabilities of generic network security
functions.
o Definition for resolution strategy capabilities of generic network
security functions.
o Definition for default action capabilities of generic network
security functions.
2. Terminology
This document uses the terminology described in [RFC8329].
This document follows the guidelines of [RFC8407], uses the common
YANG types defined in [RFC6991], and adopts the Network Management
Datastore Architecture (NMDA). The meaning of the symbols in tree
diagrams is defined in [RFC8340].
3. Overview
This section provides as overview of how the YANG data model can be
used in the I2NSF framework described in [RFC8329]. Figure 1 shows
the capabilities (e.g., firewall and web filter) of NSFs in the I2NSF
Framework. As shown in this figure, an NSF Developer's Management
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System can register NSFs and the capabilities that the network
security device can support. To register NSFs in this way, the
Developer's Management System utilizes this standardized capability
YANG data model through the I2NSF Registration Interface [RFC8329].
That is, this Registration Interface uses the YANG module described
in this document to describe the capability of a network security
function that is registered with the Security Controller. With the
capabilities of those network security devices maintained centrally,
those security devices can be more easily managed, which can resolve
many of the problems described in [RFC8192].
In Figure 1, a new NSF at a Developer's Management Systems has
capabilities of Firewall (FW) and Web Filter (WF), which are denoted
as (Cap = {FW, WF}), to support Event-Condition-Action (ECA) policy
rules where 'E', 'C', and 'A' mean "Event", "Condition", and
"Action", respectively. The condition involves IPv4 or IPv6
datagrams, and the action includes "Allow" and "Deny" for those
datagrams.
Note that the NSF-Facing Interface [RFC8329] is used to configure the
security policy rules of the generic network security functions, and
The configuration of advanced security functions over the NSF-Facing
Interface is used to configure the security policy rules of advanced
network security functions (e.g., anti-virus and Distributed-Denial-
of-Service (DDoS) attack mitigator), respectively, according to the
capabilities of NSFs registered with the I2NSF Framework.
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+------------------------------------------------------+
| I2NSF User (e.g., Overlay Network Mgmt, Enterprise |
| Network Mgmt, another network domain's mgmt, etc.) |
+--------------------+---------------------------------+
I2NSF ^
Consumer-Facing Interface |
|
v I2NSF
+-----------------+------------+ Registration +-------------+
| Network Operator Mgmt System | Interface | Developer's |
| (i.e., Security Controller) |<-------------->| Mgmt System |
+-----------------+------------+ +-------------+
^ New NSF
| Cap = {FW, WF}
I2NSF | E = {}
NSF-Facing Interface | C = {IPv4, IPv6}
| A = {Allow, Deny}
v
+---------------+----+------------+-----------------+
| | | |
+---+---+ +---+---+ +---+---+ +---+---+
| NSF-1 | ... | NSF-m | | NSF-1 | ... | NSF-n | ...
+-------+ +-------+ +-------+ +-------+
NSF-1 NSF-m NSF-1 NSF-n
Cap = {FW, WF} Cap = {FW, WF} Cap = {FW, WF} Cap = {FW, WF}
E = {} E = {user} E = {dev} E = {time}
C = {IPv4} C = {IPv6} C = {IPv4, IPv6} C = {IPv4}
A = {Allow, Deny} A = {Allow, Deny} A = {Allow, Deny} A = {Allow, Deny}
Developer's Mgmt System A Developer's Mgmt System B
Figure 1: Capabilities of NSFs in I2NSF Framework
A use case of an NSF with the capabilities of firewall and web filter
is described as follows.
o If a network manager wants to apply security policy rules to block
malicious users with firewall and web filter, it is a tremendous
burden for a network administrator to apply all of the needed
rules to NSFs one by one. This problem can be resolved by
managing the capabilities of NSFs in this document.
o If a network administrator wants to block malicious users for IPv6
traffic, he sends a security policy rule to block the users to the
Network Operator Management System using the I2NSF User (i.e., web
application).
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o When the Network Operator Management System receives the security
policy rule, it automatically sends that security policy rules to
appropriate NSFs (i.e., NSF-m in Developer's Management System A
and NSF-1 in Developer's Management System B) which can support
the capabilities (i.e., IPv6). This lets an I2NSF User not
consider NSFs where the rule is applied.
o If NSFs encounter the suspicious IPv6 packets of malicious users,
they can filter the packets out according to the configured
security policy rule. Therefore, the security policy rule against
the malicious users' packets can be automatically applied to
appropriate NSFs without human intervention.
4. YANG Tree Diagram
This section shows a YANG tree diagram of capabilities of network
security functions, as defined in the [I-D.ietf-i2nsf-capability].
4.1. Network Security Function (NSF) Capabilities
This section explains a YANG tree diagram of NSF capabilities and its
features. Figure 2 shows a YANG tree diagram of NSF capabilities.
The NSF capabilities in the tree include time capabilities, event
capabilities, condition capabilities, action capabilities, resolution
strategy capabilities, and default action capabilities. Those
capabilities can be tailored or extended according to a vendor's
specific requirements. Refer to the NSF capabilities information
model for detailed discussion [I-D.ietf-i2nsf-capability].
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module: ietf-i2nsf-capability
+--rw nsf* [nsf-name]
+--rw nsf-name string
+--rw time-capabilities* enumeration
+--rw event-capabilities
| +--rw system-event-capability* identityref
| +--rw system-alarm-capability* identityref
+--rw condition-capabilities
| +--rw generic-nsf-capabilities
| | +--rw ipv4-capability* identityref
| | +--rw icmp-capability* identityref
| | +--rw ipv6-capability* identityref
| | +--rw icmpv6-capability* identityref
| | +--rw tcp-capability* identityref
| | +--rw udp-capability* identityref
| +--rw advanced-nsf-capabilities
| | +--rw anti-virus-capability* identityref
| | +--rw anti-ddos-capability* identityref
| | +--rw ips-capability* identityref
| | +--rw url-capability* identityref
| | +--rw voip-volte-capability* identityref
| +--rw context-capabilities* identityref
+--rw action-capabilities
| +--rw ingress-action-capability* identityref
| +--rw egress-action-capability* identityref
| +--rw log-action-capability* identityref
+--rw resolution-strategy-capabilities* identityref
+--rw default-action-capabilities* identityref
+--rw ipsec-method* identityref
Figure 2: YANG Tree Diagram of Capabilities of Network Security
Functions
Time capabilities are used to specify the capabilities which describe
when to execute the I2NSF policy rule. The time capabilities are
defined in terms of absolute time and periodic time. The absolute
time means the exact time to start or end. The periodic time means
repeated time like day, week, or month. See Section 3.4.6
(Capability Algebra) in [I-D.ietf-i2nsf-capability] for more
information about the time-based condition (e.g., time period) in the
capability algebra.
Event capabilities are used to specify the capabilities that describe
the event that would trigger the evaluation of the condition clause
of the I2NSF Policy Rule. The defined event capabilities are system
event and system alarm. See Section 3.1 (Design Principles and ECA
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Policy Model Overview) in [I-D.ietf-i2nsf-capability] for more
information about the event in the ECA policy model.
Condition capabilities are used to specify capabilities of a set of
attributes, features, and/or values that are to be compared with a
set of known attributes, features, and/or values in order to
determine whether or not the set of actions in that (imperative)
I2NSF policy rule can be executed. The condition capabilities are
classified in terms of generic network security functions and
advanced network security functions. The condition capabilities of
generic network security functions are defined as IPv4 capability,
IPv6 capability, TCP capability, UDP capability, and ICMP capability.
The condition capabilities of advanced network security functions are
defined as anti-virus capability, anti-DDoS capability, Intrusion
Prevention System (IPS) capability, HTTP capability, and VoIP/VoLTE
capability. See Section 3.1 (Design Principles and ECA Policy Model
Overview) in [I-D.ietf-i2nsf-capability] for more information about
the condition in the ECA policy model. Also, see Section 3.4.3
(I2NSF Condition Clause Operator Types) in
[I-D.ietf-i2nsf-capability] for more information about the operator
types in an I2NSF condition clause.
Action capabilities are used to specify the capabilities that
describe the control and monitoring aspects of flow-based NSFs when
the event and condition clauses are satisfied. The action
capabilities are defined as ingress-action capability, egress-action
capability, and log-action capability. See Section 3.1 (Design
Principles and ECA Policy Model Overview) in
[I-D.ietf-i2nsf-capability] for more information about the action in
the ECA policy model. Also, see Section 7.2 (NSF-Facing Flow
Security Policy Structure) in [RFC8329] for more information about
the ingress and egress actions. In addition, see Section 9.1 (Flow-
Based NSF Capability Characterization) for more information about
logging at NSFs.
Resolution strategy capabilities are used to specify the capabilities
that describe conflicts that occur between the actions of the same or
different policy rules that are matched and contained in this
particular NSF. The resolution strategy capabilities are defined as
First Matching Rule (FMR), Last Matching Rule (LMR), Prioritized
Matching Rule (PMR), Prioritized Matching Rule with Errors (PMRE),
and Prioritized Matching Rule with No Errors (PMRN). See
Section 3.4.2 (Conflict, Resolution Strategy and Default Action) in
[I-D.ietf-i2nsf-capability] for more information about the resolution
strategy.
Default action capabilities are used to specify the capabilities that
describe how to execute I2NSF policy rules when no rule matches a
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packet. The default action capabilities are defined as pass, drop,
alert, and mirror. See Section 3.4.2 (Conflict, Resolution Strategy
and Default Action) in [I-D.ietf-i2nsf-capability] for more
information about the default action.
IPsec method capabilities are used to specify capabilities of how to
support an Internet Key Exchange (IKE) [RFC7296] for the security
communication. The default action capabilities are defined as IKE or
IKE-less. See [I-D.ietf-i2nsf-sdn-ipsec-flow-protection] for more
information about the SDN-based IPsec flow protection in I2NSF.
5. YANG Data Model of I2NSF NSF Capability
This section introduces a YANG module for NSFs' capabilities, as
defined in the [I-D.ietf-i2nsf-capability].
This YANG module imports from [RFC6991]. It makes references to [RFC
0768][IANA-Protocol-Numbers][RFC0791][RFC0792][RFC0793][RFC3261][RFC4
443][RFC8200][RFC8329][I-D.ietf-i2nsf-capability][I-D.ietf-i2nsf-nsf-
monitoring-data-model][I-D.ietf-i2nsf-sdn-ipsec-flow-protection].
<CODE BEGINS> file "ietf-i2nsf-capability@2020-09-08.yang"
module ietf-i2nsf-capability {
yang-version 1.1;
namespace
"urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-i2nsf-capability";
prefix
nsfcap;
organization
"IETF I2NSF (Interface to Network Security Functions)
Working Group";
contact
"WG Web: <http://tools.ietf.org/wg/i2nsf>
WG List: <mailto:i2nsf@ietf.org>
Editor: Jaehoon Paul Jeong
<mailto:pauljeong@skku.edu>
Editor: Jinyong Tim Kim
<mailto:timkim@skku.edu>
Editor: Susan Hares
<mailto:shares@ndzh.com>";
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description
"This module is a YANG module for I2NSF Network Security
Functions (NSFs)'s Capabilities.
Copyright (c) 2020 IETF Trust and the persons identified as
authors of the code. All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or
without modification, is permitted pursuant to, and subject
to the license terms contained in, the Simplified BSD License
set forth in Section 4.c of the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions
Relating to IETF Documents
http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info).
This version of this YANG module is part of RFC XXXX; see
the RFC itself for full legal notices.";
// RFC Ed.: replace XXXX with an actual RFC number and remove
// this note.
revision "2020-09-08"{
description "Initial revision.";
reference
"RFC XXXX: I2NSF Capability YANG Data Model";
// RFC Ed.: replace XXXX with an actual RFC number and remove
// this note.
}
/*
* Identities
*/
identity event {
description
"Base identity for I2NSF policy events.";
reference
"draft-ietf-i2nsf-nsf-monitoring-data-model-04: I2NSF NSF
Monitoring YANG Data Model - Event";
// RFC Ed.: replace the above draft with an actual RFC in the
// YANG module and remove this note.
}
identity system-event-capability {
base event;
description
"Identity for system event";
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reference
"draft-ietf-i2nsf-nsf-monitoring-data-model-04: I2NSF NSF
Monitoring YANG Data Model - System event";
}
identity system-alarm-capability {
base event;
description
"Identity for system alarm";
reference
"draft-ietf-i2nsf-nsf-monitoring-data-model-04: I2NSF NSF
Monitoring YANG Data Model - System alarm";
}
identity access-violation {
base system-event-capability;
description
"Identity for access violation event";
reference
"draft-ietf-i2nsf-nsf-monitoring-data-model-04: I2NSF NSF
Monitoring YANG Data Model - System event for access
violation";
}
identity configuration-change {
base system-event-capability;
description
"Identity for configuration change event";
reference
"draft-ietf-i2nsf-nsf-monitoring-data-model-04: I2NSF NSF
Monitoring YANG Data Model - System event for configuration
change";
}
identity memory-alarm {
base system-alarm-capability;
description
"Identity for memory alarm";
reference
"draft-ietf-i2nsf-nsf-monitoring-data-model-04: I2NSF NSF
Monitoring YANG Data Model - System alarm for memory";
}
identity cpu-alarm {
base system-alarm-capability;
description
"Identity for CPU alarm";
reference
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"draft-ietf-i2nsf-nsf-monitoring-data-model-04: I2NSF NSF
Monitoring YANG Data Model - System alarm for CPU";
}
identity disk-alarm {
base system-alarm-capability;
description
"Identity for disk alarm";
reference
"draft-ietf-i2nsf-nsf-monitoring-data-model-04: I2NSF NSF
Monitoring YANG Data Model - System alarm for disk";
}
identity hardware-alarm {
base system-alarm-capability;
description
"Identity for hardware alarm";
reference
"draft-ietf-i2nsf-nsf-monitoring-data-model-04: I2NSF NSF
Monitoring YANG Data Model - System alarm for hardware";
}
identity interface-alarm {
base system-alarm-capability;
description
"Identity for interface alarm";
reference
"draft-ietf-i2nsf-nsf-monitoring-data-model-04: I2NSF NSF
Monitoring YANG Data Model - System alarm for interface";
}
identity condition {
description
"Base identity for policy conditions";
}
identity context-capability {
base condition;
description
"Identity for context condition capabilities for an NSF";
reference
"draft-ietf-i2nsf-capability-05: Information Model of NSFs
Capabilities - The operating context of an NSF.";
}
identity access-control-list {
base context-capability;
description
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"Identity for Access Control List (ACL) condition capability";
reference
"draft-ietf-i2nsf-capability-05: Information Model of NSFs
Capabilities - The context of an NSF.
RFC 8519: YANG Data Model for Network Access Control Lists
(ACLs) - A user-ordered set of rules used to configure the
forwarding behavior in an NSF.";
}
identity application-layer-filter {
base context-capability;
description
"Identity for application-layer-filter condition capability";
reference
"draft-ietf-i2nsf-capability-05: Information Model of NSFs
Capabilities - An application-layer filtering (e.g., web
filter) as an NSF.";
}
identity target {
base context-capability;
description
"Identity for target condition capability";
reference
"draft-ietf-i2nsf-capability-05: Information Model of NSFs
Capabilities - A target (or destination) of a policy rule
to be applied by an NSF.
RFC 8519: YANG Data Model for Network Access Control Lists
(ACLs) - An access control for a target (e.g., the
corresponding IP address) in an NSF.";
}
identity user {
base context-capability;
description
"Identity for user condition capability";
reference
"draft-ietf-i2nsf-capability-05: Information Model of NSFs
Capabilities - A user in an application of a policy rule
to be applied by an NSF.
RFC 8519: YANG Data Model for Network Access Control Lists
(ACLs) - An access control for a user (e.g., the
corresponding IP address) in an NSF.";
}
identity group {
base context-capability;
description
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"Identity for group condition capability";
reference
"draft-ietf-i2nsf-capability-05: Information Model of NSFs
Capabilities - A group (i.e., a set of users) in an
application of a policy rule to be applied by an NSF.
RFC 8519: YANG Data Model for Network Access Control Lists
(ACLs) - An access control for a group (e.g., the
corresponding IP address) in an NSF.";
}
identity geography {
base context-capability;
description
"Identity for geography condition capability";
reference
"draft-ietf-i2nsf-capability-05: Information Model of NSFs
Capabilities - A group (i.e., a set of users) in an
application of a policy rule to be applied by an NSF.
RFC 8519: YANG Data Model for Network Access Control Lists
(ACLs) - An access control for a geographical location
i.e., geolocation (e.g., the corresponding IP address) in
an NSF.
RFC 8805: A Format for Self-Published IP Geolocation Feeds
- An IP address with geolocation information.";
}
identity ipv4-capability {
base condition;
description
"Identity for IPv4 condition capability";
reference
"RFC 791: Internet Protocol";
}
identity exact-ipv4-header-length {
base ipv4-capability;
description
"Identity for exact-match IPv4 header-length
condition capability";
reference
"RFC 791: Internet Protocol - Header Length";
}
identity range-ipv4-header-length {
base ipv4-capability;
description
"Identity for range-match IPv4 header-length
condition capability";
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reference
"RFC 791: Internet Protocol - Header Length";
}
identity ipv4-tos {
base ipv4-capability;
description
"Identity for IPv4 Type-Of-Service (TOS)
condition capability";
reference
"RFC 791: Internet Protocol - Type of Service";
}
identity exact-ipv4-total-length {
base ipv4-capability;
description
"Identity for exact-match IPv4 total length
condition capability";
reference
"RFC 791: Internet Protocol - Total Length";
}
identity range-ipv4-total-length {
base ipv4-capability;
description
"Identity for range-match IPv4 total length
condition capability";
reference
"RFC 791: Internet Protocol - Total Length";
}
identity ipv4-id {
base ipv4-capability;
description
"Identity for identification condition capability";
reference
"RFC 791: Internet Protocol - Identification";
}
identity ipv4-fragment-flags {
base ipv4-capability;
description
"Identity for IPv4 fragment flags condition capability";
reference
"RFC 791: Internet Protocol - Fragmentation Flags";
}
identity exact-ipv4-fragment-offset {
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base ipv4-capability;
description
"Identity for exact-match IPv4 fragment offset
condition capability";
reference
"RFC 791: Internet Protocol - Fragmentation Offset";
}
identity range-ipv4-fragment-offset {
base ipv4-capability;
description
"Identity for range-match IPv4 fragment offset
condition capability";
reference
"RFC 791: Internet Protocol - Fragmentation Offset";
}
identity exact-ipv4-ttl {
base ipv4-capability;
description
"Identity for exact-match IPv4 Time-To-Live (TTL)
condition capability";
reference
"RFC 791: Internet Protocol - Time To Live (TTL)";
}
identity range-ipv4-ttl {
base ipv4-capability;
description
"Identity for range-match IPv4 Time-To-Live (TTL)
condition capability";
reference
"RFC 791: Internet Protocol - Time To Live (TTL)";
}
identity ipv4-protocol {
base ipv4-capability;
description
"Identity for IPv4 protocol condition capability";
reference
"IANA Website: Assigned Internet Protocol Numbers
- Protocol Number for IPv4
RFC 791: Internet Protocol - Protocol";
}
identity exact-ipv4-address {
base ipv4-capability;
description
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"Identity for exact-match IPv4 address
condition capability";
reference
"RFC 791: Internet Protocol - Address";
}
identity range-ipv4-address {
base ipv4-capability;
description
"Identity for range-match IPv4 address condition
capability";
reference
"RFC 791: Internet Protocol - Address";
}
identity ipv4-ip-opts {
base ipv4-capability;
description
"Identity for IPv4 option condition capability";
reference
"RFC 791: Internet Protocol - Options";
}
identity ipv4-geo-ip {
base ipv4-capability;
description
"Identity for geography condition capability";
reference
"draft-ietf-i2nsf-capability-05: Information Model
of NSFs Capabilities - Geo-IP";
}
identity ipv6-capability {
base condition;
description
"Identity for IPv6 condition capabilities";
reference
"RFC 8200: Internet Protocol, Version 6 (IPv6)
Specification";
}
identity ipv6-traffic-class {
base ipv6-capability;
description
"Identity for IPv6 traffic class
condition capability";
reference
"RFC 8200: Internet Protocol, Version 6 (IPv6)
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Specification - Traffic Class";
}
identity exact-ipv6-flow-label {
base ipv6-capability;
description
"Identity for exact-match IPv6 flow label
condition capability";
reference
"RFC 8200: Internet Protocol, Version 6 (IPv6)
Specification - Flow Label";
}
identity range-ipv6-flow-label {
base ipv6-capability;
description
"Identity for range-match IPv6 flow label
condition capability";
reference
"RFC 8200: Internet Protocol, Version 6 (IPv6)
Specification - Flow Label";
}
identity exact-ipv6-payload-length {
base ipv6-capability;
description
"Identity for exact-match IPv6 payload length
condition capability";
reference
"RFC 8200: Internet Protocol, Version 6 (IPv6)
Specification - Payload Length";
}
identity range-ipv6-payload-length {
base ipv6-capability;
description
"Identity for range-match IPv6 payload length
condition capability";
reference
"RFC 8200: Internet Protocol, Version 6 (IPv6)
Specification - Payload Length";
}
identity ipv6-next-header {
base ipv6-capability;
description
"Identity for IPv6 next header condition capability";
reference
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"RFC 8200: Internet Protocol, Version 6 (IPv6)
Specification - Next Header";
}
identity exact-ipv6-hop-limit {
base ipv6-capability;
description
"Identity for exact-match IPv6 hop limit condition
capability";
reference
"RFC 8200: Internet Protocol, Version 6 (IPv6)
Specification - Hop Limit";
}
identity range-ipv6-hop-limit {
base ipv6-capability;
description
"Identity for range-match IPv6 hop limit condition
capability";
reference
"RFC 8200: Internet Protocol, Version 6 (IPv6)
Specification - Hop Limit";
}
identity ipv6-protocol {
base ipv6-capability;
description
"Identity for IPv6 protocol condition capability";
reference
"IANA Website: Assigned Internet Protocol Numbers
- Protocol Number for IPv6
RFC 8200: Internet Protocol, Version 6 (IPv6)
Specification - Protocol";
}
identity exact-ipv6-address {
base ipv6-capability;
description
"Identity for exact-match IPv6 address condition
capability";
reference
"RFC 8200: Internet Protocol, Version 6 (IPv6)
Specification - Address";
}
identity range-ipv6-address {
base ipv6-capability;
description
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"Identity for range-match IPv6 address condition
capability";
reference
"RFC 8200: Internet Protocol, Version 6 (IPv6)
Specification - Address";
}
identity tcp-capability {
base condition;
description
"Identity for TCP condition capabilities";
reference
"RFC 793: Transmission Control Protocol";
}
identity exact-tcp-port-num {
base tcp-capability;
description
"Identity for exact-match TCP port number condition
capability";
reference
"RFC 793: Transmission Control Protocol - Port Number";
}
identity range-tcp-port-num {
base tcp-capability;
description
"Identity for range-match TCP port number condition
capability";
reference
"RFC 793: Transmission Control Protocol - Port Number";
}
identity exact-tcp-seq-num {
base tcp-capability;
description
"Identity for exact-match TCP sequence number condition
capability";
reference
"RFC 793: Transmission Control Protocol - Sequence Number";
}
identity range-tcp-seq-num {
base tcp-capability;
description
"Identity for range-match TCP sequence number condition
capability";
reference
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"RFC 793: Transmission Control Protocol - Sequence Number";
}
identity exact-tcp-ack-num {
base tcp-capability;
description
"Identity for exact-match TCP acknowledgement number condition
capability";
reference
"RFC 793: Transmission Control Protocol - Acknowledgement Number";
}
identity range-tcp-ack-num {
base tcp-capability;
description
"Identity for range-match TCP acknowledgement number condition
capability";
reference
"RFC 793: Transmission Control Protocol - Acknowledgement Number";
}
identity exact-tcp-window-size {
base tcp-capability;
description
"Identity for exact-match TCP window size condition capability";
reference
"RFC 793: Transmission Control Protocol - Window Size";
}
identity range-tcp-window-size {
base tcp-capability;
description
"Identity for range-match TCP window size condition capability";
reference
"RFC 793: Transmission Control Protocol - Window Size";
}
identity tcp-flags {
base tcp-capability;
description
"Identity for TCP flags condition capability";
reference
"RFC 793: Transmission Control Protocol - Flags";
}
identity udp-capability {
base condition;
description
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"Identity for UDP condition capabilities";
reference
"RFC 768: User Datagram Protocol";
}
identity exact-udp-port-num {
base udp-capability;
description
"Identity for exact-match UDP port number condition capability";
reference
"RFC 768: User Datagram Protocol - Port Number";
}
identity range-udp-port-num {
base udp-capability;
description
"Identity for range-match UDP port number condition capability";
reference
"RFC 768: User Datagram Protocol - Port Number";
}
identity exact-udp-total-length {
base udp-capability;
description
"Identity for exact-match UDP total-length condition capability";
reference
"RFC 768: User Datagram Protocol - Total Length";
}
identity range-udp-total-length {
base udp-capability;
description
"Identity for range-match UDP total-length condition capability";
reference
"RFC 768: User Datagram Protocol - Total Length";
}
identity icmp-capability {
base condition;
description
"Identity for ICMP condition capability";
reference
"RFC 792: Internet Control Message Protocol";
}
identity icmp-type {
base icmp-capability;
description
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"Identity for ICMP type condition capability";
reference
"RFC 792: Internet Control Message Protocol";
}
identity icmpv6-capability {
base condition;
description
"Identity for ICMPv6 condition capability";
reference
"RFC 4443: Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMPv6)
for the Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) Specification
- ICMPv6";
}
identity icmpv6-type {
base icmpv6-capability;
description
"Identity for ICMPv6 type condition capability";
reference
"RFC 4443: Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMPv6)
for the Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) Specification
- ICMPv6";
}
identity url-capability {
base condition;
description
"Identity for URL condition capability";
}
identity pre-defined {
base url-capability;
description
"Identity for URL pre-defined condition capability";
}
identity user-defined {
base url-capability;
description
"Identity for URL user-defined condition capability";
}
identity log-action-capability {
description
"Identity for log-action capability";
}
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identity rule-log {
base log-action-capability;
description
"Identity for rule log log-action capability";
}
identity session-log {
base log-action-capability;
description
"Identity for session log log-action capability";
}
identity ingress-action-capability {
description
"Identity for ingress-action capability";
reference
"RFC 8329: Framework for Interface to Network Security
Functions - Ingress action";
}
identity egress-action-capability {
description
"Base identity for egress-action capability";
reference
"RFC 8329: Framework for Interface to Network Security
Functions - Egress action";
}
identity default-action-capability {
description
"Identity for default-action capability";
reference
"draft-ietf-i2nsf-capability-05: Information Model of
NSFs Capabilities - Default action";
}
identity pass {
base ingress-action-capability;
base egress-action-capability;
base default-action-capability;
description
"Identity for pass action capability";
reference
"RFC 8329: Framework for Interface to Network Security
Functions - Ingress, egress, and pass actions.
draft-ietf-i2nsf-capability-05: Information Model of
NSFs Capabilities - Actions and default action.";
}
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identity drop {
base ingress-action-capability;
base egress-action-capability;
base default-action-capability;
description
"Identity for drop action capability";
reference
"RFC 8329: Framework for Interface to Network Security
Functions - Ingress, egress, and drop actions.
draft-ietf-i2nsf-capability-05: Information Model of
NSFs Capabilities - Actions and default action.";
}
identity alert {
base ingress-action-capability;
base egress-action-capability;
base default-action-capability;
description
"Identity for alert action capability";
reference
"RFC 8329: Framework for Interface to Network Security
Functions - Ingress, egress, and alert actions.
draft-ietf-i2nsf-nsf-monitoring-data-model-04: I2NSF
NSF Monitoring YANG Data Model - Alarm (i.e., alert).
draft-ietf-i2nsf-capability-05: Information Model of
NSFs Capabilities - Actions and default action.";
}
identity mirror {
base ingress-action-capability;
base egress-action-capability;
base default-action-capability;
description
"Identity for mirror action capability";
reference
"RFC 8329: Framework for Interface to Network Security
Functions - Ingress, egress, and mirror actions.
draft-ietf-i2nsf-capability-05: Information Model of
NSFs Capabilities - Actions and default action.";
}
identity invoke-signaling {
base egress-action-capability;
description
"Identity for invoke signaling action capability";
reference
"RFC 8329: Framework for Interface to Network Security
Functions - Invoke-signaling action";
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}
identity tunnel-encapsulation {
base egress-action-capability;
description
"Identity for tunnel encapsulation action capability";
reference
"RFC 8329: Framework for Interface to Network Security
Functions - Tunnel-encapsulation action";
}
identity forwarding {
base egress-action-capability;
description
"Identity for forwarding action capability";
reference
"RFC 8329: Framework for Interface to Network Security
Functions - Forwarding action";
}
identity redirection {
base egress-action-capability;
description
"Identity for redirection action capability";
reference
"RFC 8329: Framework for Interface to Network Security
Functions - Redirection action";
}
identity resolution-strategy-capability {
description
"Base identity for resolution strategy capability";
reference
"draft-ietf-i2nsf-capability-05: Information Model of
NSFs Capabilities - Resolution Strategy";
}
identity fmr {
base resolution-strategy-capability;
description
"Identity for First Matching Rule (FMR) resolution
strategy capability";
reference
"draft-ietf-i2nsf-capability-05: Information Model of
NSFs Capabilities - Resolution Strategy";
}
identity lmr {
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base resolution-strategy-capability;
description
"Identity for Last Matching Rule (LMR) resolution
strategy capability";
reference
"draft-ietf-i2nsf-capability-05: Information Model of
NSFs Capabilities - Resolution Strategy";
}
identity pmr {
base resolution-strategy-capability;
description
"Identity for Prioritized Matching Rule (PMR) resolution
strategy capability";
reference
"draft-ietf-i2nsf-capability-05: Information Model of
NSFs Capabilities - Resolution Strategy";
}
identity pmre {
base resolution-strategy-capability;
description
"Identity for Prioritized Matching Rule with Errors (PMRE)
resolution strategy capability";
reference
"draft-ietf-i2nsf-capability-05: Information Model of NSFs
Capabilities - Resolution Strategy";
}
identity pmrn {
base resolution-strategy-capability;
description
"Identity for Prioritized Matching Rule with No Errors (PMRN)
resolution strategy capability";
reference
"draft-ietf-i2nsf-capability-05: Information Model of NSFs
Capabilities - Resolution Strategy";
}
identity advanced-nsf-capability {
description
"Base identity for advanced Network Security Function (NSF)
capability. This can be used for advanced NSFs such as
Anti-Virus, Anti-DDoS Attack, IPS, and VoIP/VoLTE Security
Service.";
reference
"RFC 8329: Framework for Interface to Network Security
Functions - Advanced NSF capability";
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}
identity anti-virus-capability {
base advanced-nsf-capability;
description
"Identity for advanced NSF Anti-Virus capability.
This can be used for an extension point for Anti-Virus
as an advanced NSF.";
reference
"RFC 8329: Framework for Interface to Network Security
Functions - Advanced NSF Anti-Virus capability";
}
identity anti-ddos-capability {
base advanced-nsf-capability;
description
"Identity for advanced NSF Anti-DDoS Attack capability.
This can be used for an extension point for Anti-DDoS
Attack as an advanced NSF.";
reference
"RFC 8329: Framework for Interface to Network Security
Functions - Advanced NSF Anti-DDoS Attack capability";
}
identity ips-capability {
base advanced-nsf-capability;
description
"Identity for advanced NSF IPS capabilities. This can be
used for an extension point for IPS as an advanced NSF.";
reference
"RFC 8329: Framework for Interface to Network Security
Functions - Advanced NSF IPS capability";
}
identity voip-volte-capability {
base advanced-nsf-capability;
description
"Identity for advanced NSF VoIP/VoLTE Security Service
capability. This can be used for an extension point
for VoIP/VoLTE Security Service as an advanced NSF.";
reference
"RFC 3261: SIP: Session Initiation Protocol
RFC 8329: Framework for Interface to Network Security
Functions - Advanced NSF VoIP/VoLTE security service
capability";
}
identity detect {
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base anti-virus-capability;
description
"Identity for advanced NSF Anti-Virus Detection capability.
This can be used for an extension point for Anti-Virus
Detection as an advanced NSF.";
reference
"RFC 8329: Framework for Interface to Network Security
Functions - Advanced NSF Anti-Virus Detection capability";
}
identity exception-application {
base anti-virus-capability;
description
"Identity for advanced NSF Anti-Virus Exception Application
capability. This can be used for an extension point for
Anti-Virus Exception Application as an advanced NSF.";
reference
"RFC 8329: Framework for Interface to Network Security
Functions - Advanced NSF Anti-Virus Exception Application
capability";
}
identity exception-signature {
base anti-virus-capability;
description
"Identity for advanced NSF Anti-Virus Exception Signature
capability. This can be used for an extension point for
Anti-Virus Exception Signature as an advanced NSF.";
reference
"RFC 8329: Framework for Interface to Network Security
Functions - Advanced NSF Anti-Virus Exception Signature
capability";
}
identity allow-list {
base anti-virus-capability;
description
"Identity for advanced NSF Anti-Virus Allow List capability.
This can be used for an extension point for Anti-Virus
Allow List as an advanced NSF.";
reference
"RFC 8329: Framework for Interface to Network Security
Functions - Advanced NSF Anti-Virus Allow List capability";
}
identity syn-flood-action {
base anti-ddos-capability;
description
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"Identity for advanced NSF Anti-DDoS SYN Flood Action
capability. This can be used for an extension point for
Anti-DDoS SYN Flood Action as an advanced NSF.";
reference
"RFC 8329: Framework for Interface to Network Security
Functions - Advanced NSF Anti-DDoS SYN Flood Action
capability";
}
identity udp-flood-action {
base anti-ddos-capability;
description
"Identity for advanced NSF Anti-DDoS UDP Flood Action
capability. This can be used for an extension point for
Anti-DDoS UDP Flood Action as an advanced NSF.";
reference
"RFC 8329: Framework for Interface to Network Security
Functions - Advanced NSF Anti-DDoS UDP Flood Action
capability";
}
identity http-flood-action {
base anti-ddos-capability;
description
"Identity for advanced NSF Anti-DDoS HTTP Flood Action
capability. This can be used for an extension point for
Anti-DDoS HTTP Flood Action as an advanced NSF.";
reference
"RFC 8329: Framework for Interface to Network Security
Functions - Advanced NSF Anti-DDoS HTTP Flood Action
capability";
}
identity https-flood-action {
base anti-ddos-capability;
description
"Identity for advanced NSF Anti-DDoS HTTPS Flood Action
capability. This can be used for an extension point for
Anti-DDoS HTTPS Flood Action as an advanced NSF.";
reference
"RFC 8329: Framework for Interface to Network Security
Functions - Advanced NSF Anti-DDoS HTTPS Flood Action
capability";
}
identity dns-request-flood-action {
base anti-ddos-capability;
description
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"Identity for advanced NSF Anti-DDoS DNS Request Flood
Action capability. This can be used for an extension
point for Anti-DDoS DNS Request Flood Action as an
advanced NSF.";
reference
"RFC 8329: Framework for Interface to Network Security
Functions - Advanced NSF Anti-DDoS DNS Request Flood
Action capability";
}
identity dns-reply-flood-action {
base anti-ddos-capability;
description
"Identity for advanced NSF Anti-DDoS DNS Reply Flood
Action capability. This can be used for an extension
point for Anti-DDoS DNS Reply Flood Action as an
advanced NSF.";
reference
"RFC 8329: Framework for Interface to Network Security
Functions - Advanced NSF Anti-DDoS DNS Reply Flood
Action capability";
}
identity icmp-flood-action {
base anti-ddos-capability;
description
"Identity for advanced NSF Anti-DDoS ICMP Flood Action
capability. This can be used for an extension point
for Anti-DDoS ICMP Flood Action as an advanced NSF.";
reference
"RFC 8329: Framework for Interface to Network Security
Functions - Advanced NSF Anti-DDoS ICMP Flood Action
capability";
}
identity icmpv6-flood-action {
base anti-ddos-capability;
description
"Identity for advanced NSF Anti-DDoS ICMPv6 Flood Action
capability. This can be used for an extension point
for Anti-DDoS ICMPv6 Flood Action as an advanced NSF.";
reference
"RFC 8329: Framework for Interface to Network Security
Functions - Advanced NSF Anti-DDoS ICMPv6 Flood Action
capability";
}
identity sip-flood-action {
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base anti-ddos-capability;
description
"Identity for advanced NSF Anti-DDoS SIP Flood Action
capability. This can be used for an extension point
for Anti-DDoS SIP Flood Action as an advanced NSF.";
reference
"RFC 8329: Framework for Interface to Network Security
Functions - Advanced NSF Anti-DDoS SIP Flood Action
capability";
}
identity detect-mode {
base anti-ddos-capability;
description
"Identity for advanced NSF Anti-DDoS Detection Mode
capability. This can be used for an extension point
for Anti-DDoS Detection Mode as an advanced NSF.";
reference
"RFC 8329: Framework for Interface to Network Security
Functions - Advanced NSF Anti-DDoS Detection Mode
capability";
}
identity baseline-learning {
base anti-ddos-capability;
description
"Identity for advanced NSF Anti-DDoS Baseline Learning
capability. This can be used for an extension point
for Anti-DDoS Baseline Learning as an advanced NSF.";
reference
"RFC 8329: Framework for Interface to Network Security
Functions - Advanced NSF Anti-DDoS Baseline Learning
capability";
}
identity signature-set {
base ips-capability;
description
"Identity for advanced NSF IPS Signature Set capability.
This can be used for an extension point for IPS Signature
Set as an advanced NSF.";
reference
"RFC 8329: Framework for Interface to Network Security
Functions - Advanced NSF IPS Signature Set capability";
}
identity ips-exception-signature {
base ips-capability;
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description
"Identity for advanced NSF IPS Exception Signature
capability. This can be used for an extension point for
IPS Exception Signature as an advanced NSF.";
reference
"RFC 8329: Framework for Interface to Network Security
Functions - Advanced NSF IPS Exception Signature Set
capability";
}
identity voice-id {
base voip-volte-capability;
description
"Identity for advanced NSF VoIP/VoLTE Voice-ID capability.
This can be used for an extension point for VoIP/VoLTE
Voice-ID as an advanced NSF.";
reference
"RFC 3261: SIP: Session Initiation Protocol
RFC 8329: Framework for Interface to Network Security
Functions - Advanced NSF VoIP/VoLTE Security Service
capability";
}
identity user-agent {
base voip-volte-capability;
description
"Identity for advanced NSF VoIP/VoLTE User Agent capability.
This can be used for an extension point for VoIP/VoLTE
User Agent as an advanced NSF.";
reference
"RFC 3261: SIP: Session Initiation Protocol
RFC 8329: Framework for Interface to Network Security
Functions - Advanced NSF VoIP/VoLTE Security Service
capability";
}
identity ipsec-capability {
description
"Base identity for an IPsec capability";
reference
"draft-ietf-i2nsf-sdn-ipsec-flow-protection-08:
Software-Defined Networking (SDN)-based IPsec Flow
Protection - IPsec methods such as IKE and IKE-less";
}
identity ike {
base ipsec-capability;
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description
"Identity for an IPsec Internet Key Exchange (IKE)
capability";
reference
"draft-ietf-i2nsf-sdn-ipsec-flow-protection-08:
Software-Defined Networking (SDN)-based IPsec Flow
Protection - IPsec method with IKE.
RFC 7296: Internet Key Exchange Protocol Version 2
(IKEv2) - IKE as a component of IPsec used for
performing mutual authentication and establishing and
maintaining Security Associations (SAs).";
}
identity ikeless {
base ipsec-capability;
description
"Identity for an IPsec without Internet Key Exchange (IKE)
capability";
reference
"draft-ietf-i2nsf-sdn-ipsec-flow-protection-08:
Software-Defined Networking (SDN)-based IPsec Flow
Protection - IPsec method without IKE";
}
/*
* Grouping
*/
grouping nsf-capabilities {
description
"Network Security Function (NSF) Capabilities";
reference
"RFC 8329: Framework for Interface to Network Security
Functions - I2NSF Flow Security Policy Structure.
draft-ietf-i2nsf-capability-05: Information Model of
NSFs Capabilities - Capability Information Model Design.";
leaf-list time-capabilities {
type enumeration {
enum absolute-time {
description
"absolute time capabilities.
If a network security function has the absolute time
capability, the network security function supports
rule execution according to absolute time.";
}
enum periodic-time {
description
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"periodic time capabilities.
If a network security function has the periodic time
capability, the network security function supports
rule execution according to periodic time.";
}
}
description
"Time capabilities";
}
container event-capabilities {
description
"Capabilities of events.
If a network security function has the event capabilities,
the network security function supports rule execution
according to system event and system alarm.";
reference
"RFC 8329: Framework for Interface to Network Security
Functions - I2NSF Flow Security Policy Structure.
draft-ietf-i2nsf-capability-05: Information Model of
NSFs Capabilities - Design Principles and ECA Policy
Model Overview.
draft-ietf-i2nsf-nsf-monitoring-data-model-04: I2NSF
NSF Monitoring YANG Data Model - System Alarm and
System Events.";
leaf-list system-event-capability {
type identityref {
base system-event-capability;
}
description
"System event capabilities";
}
leaf-list system-alarm-capability {
type identityref {
base system-alarm-capability;
}
description
"System alarm capabilities";
}
}
container condition-capabilities {
description
"Conditions capabilities.";
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container generic-nsf-capabilities {
description
"Conditions capabilities.
If a network security function has the condition
capabilities, the network security function
supports rule execution according to conditions of
IPv4, IPv6, TCP, UDP, ICMP, ICMPv6, and payload.";
reference
"RFC 791: Internet Protocol - IPv4.
RFC 792: Internet Control Message Protocol - ICMP.
RFC 793: Transmission Control Protocol - TCP.
RFC 768: User Datagram Protocol - UDP.
RFC 8200: Internet Protocol, Version 6 (IPv6)
Specification - IPv6.
RFC 4443: Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMPv6)
for the Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) Specification
- ICMPv6.
RFC 8329: Framework for Interface to Network Security
Functions - I2NSF Flow Security Policy Structure.
draft-ietf-i2nsf-capability-05: Information Model of
NSFs Capabilities - Design Principles and ECA Policy
Model Overview.";
leaf-list ipv4-capability {
type identityref {
base ipv4-capability;
}
description
"IPv4 packet capabilities";
reference
"RFC 791: Internet Protocol";
}
leaf-list icmp-capability {
type identityref {
base icmp-capability;
}
description
"ICMP packet capabilities";
reference
"RFC 792: Internet Control Message Protocol - ICMP";
}
leaf-list ipv6-capability {
type identityref {
base ipv6-capability;
}
description
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"IPv6 packet capabilities";
reference
"RFC 8200: Internet Protocol, Version 6 (IPv6)
Specification - IPv6";
}
leaf-list icmpv6-capability {
type identityref {
base icmpv6-capability;
}
description
"ICMPv6 packet capabilities";
reference
"RFC 4443: Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMPv6)
for the Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) Specification
- ICMPv6";
}
leaf-list tcp-capability {
type identityref {
base tcp-capability;
}
description
"TCP packet capabilities";
reference
"RFC 793: Transmission Control Protocol - TCP";
}
leaf-list udp-capability {
type identityref {
base udp-capability;
}
description
"UDP packet capabilities";
reference
"RFC 768: User Datagram Protocol - UDP";
}
}
container advanced-nsf-capabilities {
description
"Advanced Network Security Function (NSF) capabilities,
such as Anti-Virus, Anti-DDoS, IPS, and VoIP/VoLTE.
This container contains the leaf-lists of advanced
NSF capabilities";
reference
"RFC 8329: Framework for Interface to Network Security
Functions - Advanced NSF capabilities";
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leaf-list anti-virus-capability {
type identityref {
base anti-virus-capability;
}
description
"Anti-Virus capabilities";
reference
"RFC 8329: Framework for Interface to Network Security
Functions - Advanced NSF Anti-Virus capabilities";
}
leaf-list anti-ddos-capability {
type identityref {
base anti-ddos-capability;
}
description
"Anti-DDoS Attack capabilities";
reference
"RFC 8329: Framework for Interface to Network Security
Functions - Advanced NSF Anti-DDoS Attack capabilities";
}
leaf-list ips-capability {
type identityref {
base ips-capability;
}
description
"IPS capabilities";
reference
"RFC 8329: Framework for Interface to Network Security
Functions - Advanced NSF IPS capabilities";
}
leaf-list url-capability {
type identityref {
base url-capability;
}
description
"URL capabilities";
reference
"RFC 8329: Framework for Interface to Network Security
Functions - Advanced NSF URL capabilities";
}
leaf-list voip-volte-capability {
type identityref {
base voip-volte-capability;
}
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description
"VoIP/VoLTE capabilities";
reference
"RFC 8329: Framework for Interface to Network Security
Functions - Advanced NSF VoIP/VoLTE capabilities";
}
}
leaf-list context-capabilities {
type identityref {
base context-capability;
}
description
"Security context capabilities";
}
}
container action-capabilities {
description
"Action capabilities.
If a network security function has the action capabilities,
the network security function supports the attendant
actions for policy rules.";
leaf-list ingress-action-capability {
type identityref {
base ingress-action-capability;
}
description
"Ingress-action capabilities";
}
leaf-list egress-action-capability {
type identityref {
base egress-action-capability;
}
description
"Egress-action capabilities";
}
leaf-list log-action-capability {
type identityref {
base log-action-capability;
}
description
"Log-action capabilities";
}
}
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leaf-list resolution-strategy-capabilities {
type identityref {
base resolution-strategy-capability;
}
description
"Resolution strategy capabilities.
The resolution strategies can be used to specify how
to resolve conflicts that occur between the actions
of the same or different policy rules that are matched
for the same packet and by particular NSF";
reference
"draft-ietf-i2nsf-capability-05: Information Model of
NSFs Capabilities - Resolution strategy capabilities";
}
leaf-list default-action-capabilities {
type identityref {
base default-action-capability;
}
description
"Default action capabilities.
A default action is used to execute I2NSF policy rules
when no rule matches a packet. The default action is
defined as pass, drop, alert, or mirror.";
reference
"RFC 8329: Framework for Interface to Network Security
Functions - Ingress and egress actions.
draft-ietf-i2nsf-capability-05: Information Model of
NSFs Capabilities - Default action capabilities.";
}
leaf-list ipsec-method {
type identityref {
base ipsec-capability;
}
description
"IPsec method capabilities";
reference
"draft-ietf-i2nsf-sdn-ipsec-flow-protection-08:
Software-Defined Networking (SDN)-based IPsec Flow
Protection - IPsec methods such as IKE and IKE-less";
}
}
/*
* Data nodes
*/
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list nsf {
key "nsf-name";
description
"The list of Network Security Functions (NSFs)";
leaf nsf-name {
type string;
mandatory true;
description
"The name of Network Security Function (NSF)";
}
}
}
<CODE ENDS>
Figure 3: YANG Data Module of I2NSF Capability
6. IANA Considerations
This document requests IANA to register the following URI in the
"IETF XML Registry" [RFC3688]:
ID: yang:ietf-i2nsf-capability
URI: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-i2nsf-capability
Filename: [ TBD-at-Registration ]
Reference: [ RFC-to-be ]
This document requests IANA to register the following YANG module in
the "YANG Module Names" registry [RFC7950][RFC8525]:
Name: ietf-i2nsf-capability
File: [ TBD-at-Registration ]
Maintained by IANA? N
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-i2nsf-capability
Prefix: nsfcap
Module:
Reference: [ RFC-to-be ]
7. Security Considerations
The YANG module specified in this document defines a data schema
designed to be accessed through network management protocols such as
NETCONF [RFC6241] or RESTCONF [RFC8040]. The lowest NETCONF layer is
the secure transport layer, and the required transport secure
transport is Secure Shell (SSH) [RFC6242]. The lowest RESTCONF layer
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is HTTPS, and the required transport secure transport is TLS
[RFC8446].
The NETCONF access control model [RFC8341] provides a means of
restricting access to specific NETCONF or RESTCONF users to a
preconfigured subset of all available NETCONF or RESTCONF protocol
operations and content.
There are a number of data nodes defined in this YANG module that are
writable, creatable, and deletable (i.e., config true, which is the
default). These data nodes may be considered sensitive or vulnerable
in some network environments. Write operations to these data nodes
could have a negative effect on network and security operations.
o ietf-i2nsf-capability: An attacker could alter the security
capabilities associated with an NSF whereby disabling or enabling
the evasion of security mitigations.
Some of the readable data nodes in this YANG module may be considered
sensitive or vulnerable in some network environments. It is thus
important to control read access (e.g., via get, get-config, or
notification) to these data nodes. These are the subtrees and data
nodes and their sensitivity/vulnerability:
o ietf-i2nsf-capability: An attacker could gather the security
capability information of any NSF and use this information to
evade detection or filtering.
8. References
8.1. Normative References
[I-D.ietf-i2nsf-capability]
Xia, L., Strassner, J., Basile, C., and D. Lopez,
"Information Model of NSFs Capabilities", draft-ietf-
i2nsf-capability-05 (work in progress), April 2019.
[I-D.ietf-i2nsf-nsf-monitoring-data-model]
Jeong, J., Chung, C., Hares, S., Xia, L., and H. Birkholz,
"I2NSF NSF Monitoring YANG Data Model", draft-ietf-i2nsf-
nsf-monitoring-data-model-03 (work in progress), May 2020.
[I-D.ietf-i2nsf-sdn-ipsec-flow-protection]
Lopez, R., Lopez-Millan, G., and F. Pereniguez-Garcia,
"Software-Defined Networking (SDN)-based IPsec Flow
Protection", draft-ietf-i2nsf-sdn-ipsec-flow-protection-08
(work in progress), June 2020.
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[RFC0768] Postel, J., "User Datagram Protocol", STD 6, RFC 768,
DOI 10.17487/RFC0768, August 1980,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc768>.
[RFC0791] Postel, J., "Internet Protocol", STD 5, RFC 791,
DOI 10.17487/RFC0791, September 1981,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc791>.
[RFC0792] Postel, J., "Internet Control Message Protocol", STD 5,
RFC 792, DOI 10.17487/RFC0792, September 1981,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc792>.
[RFC0793] Postel, J., "Transmission Control Protocol", STD 7,
RFC 793, DOI 10.17487/RFC0793, September 1981,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc793>.
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.
[RFC3261] Rosenberg, J., Schulzrinne, H., Camarillo, G., Johnston,
A., Peterson, J., Sparks, R., Handley, M., and E.
Schooler, "SIP: Session Initiation Protocol", RFC 3261,
DOI 10.17487/RFC3261, June 2002,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3261>.
[RFC3444] Pras, A. and J. Schoenwaelder, "On the Difference between
Information Models and Data Models", RFC 3444,
DOI 10.17487/RFC3444, January 2003,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3444>.
[RFC3688] Mealling, M., "The IETF XML Registry", BCP 81, RFC 3688,
DOI 10.17487/RFC3688, January 2004,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3688>.
[RFC3849] Huston, G., Lord, A., and P. Smith, "IPv6 Address Prefix
Reserved for Documentation", RFC 3849,
DOI 10.17487/RFC3849, July 2004,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3849>.
[RFC4443] Conta, A., Deering, S., and M. Gupta, Ed., "Internet
Control Message Protocol (ICMPv6) for the Internet
Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) Specification", STD 89,
RFC 4443, DOI 10.17487/RFC4443, March 2006,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4443>.
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[RFC5737] Arkko, J., Cotton, M., and L. Vegoda, "IPv4 Address Blocks
Reserved for Documentation", RFC 5737,
DOI 10.17487/RFC5737, January 2010,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5737>.
[RFC6020] Bjorklund, M., Ed., "YANG - A Data Modeling Language for
the Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF)", RFC 6020,
DOI 10.17487/RFC6020, October 2010,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6020>.
[RFC6241] Enns, R., Ed., Bjorklund, M., Ed., Schoenwaelder, J., Ed.,
and A. Bierman, Ed., "Network Configuration Protocol
(NETCONF)", RFC 6241, DOI 10.17487/RFC6241, June 2011,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6241>.
[RFC6242] Wasserman, M., "Using the NETCONF Protocol over Secure
Shell (SSH)", RFC 6242, DOI 10.17487/RFC6242, June 2011,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6242>.
[RFC6991] Schoenwaelder, J., Ed., "Common YANG Data Types",
RFC 6991, DOI 10.17487/RFC6991, July 2013,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6991>.
[RFC7296] Kaufman, C., Hoffman, P., Nir, Y., Eronen, P., and T.
Kivinen, "Internet Key Exchange Protocol Version 2
(IKEv2)", STD 79, RFC 7296, DOI 10.17487/RFC7296, October
2014, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7296>.
[RFC7950] Bjorklund, M., Ed., "The YANG 1.1 Data Modeling Language",
RFC 7950, DOI 10.17487/RFC7950, August 2016,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7950>.
[RFC8040] Bierman, A., Bjorklund, M., and K. Watsen, "RESTCONF
Protocol", RFC 8040, DOI 10.17487/RFC8040, January 2017,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8040>.
[RFC8192] Hares, S., Lopez, D., Zarny, M., Jacquenet, C., Kumar, R.,
and J. Jeong, "Interface to Network Security Functions
(I2NSF): Problem Statement and Use Cases", RFC 8192,
DOI 10.17487/RFC8192, July 2017,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8192>.
[RFC8200] Deering, S. and R. Hinden, "Internet Protocol, Version 6
(IPv6) Specification", STD 86, RFC 8200,
DOI 10.17487/RFC8200, July 2017,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8200>.
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[RFC8329] Lopez, D., Lopez, E., Dunbar, L., Strassner, J., and R.
Kumar, "Framework for Interface to Network Security
Functions", RFC 8329, DOI 10.17487/RFC8329, February 2018,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8329>.
[RFC8340] Bjorklund, M. and L. Berger, Ed., "YANG Tree Diagrams",
BCP 215, RFC 8340, DOI 10.17487/RFC8340, March 2018,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8340>.
[RFC8341] Bierman, A. and M. Bjorklund, "Network Configuration
Access Control Model", STD 91, RFC 8341,
DOI 10.17487/RFC8341, March 2018,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8341>.
[RFC8407] Bierman, A., "Guidelines for Authors and Reviewers of
Documents Containing YANG Data Models", BCP 216, RFC 8407,
DOI 10.17487/RFC8407, October 2018,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8407>.
[RFC8431] Wang, L., Chen, M., Dass, A., Ananthakrishnan, H., Kini,
S., and N. Bahadur, "A YANG Data Model for the Routing
Information Base (RIB)", RFC 8431, DOI 10.17487/RFC8431,
September 2018, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8431>.
[RFC8446] Rescorla, E., "The Transport Layer Security (TLS) Protocol
Version 1.3", RFC 8446, DOI 10.17487/RFC8446, August 2018,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8446>.
[RFC8519] Jethanandani, M., Agarwal, S., Huang, L., and D. Blair,
"YANG Data Model for Network Access Control Lists (ACLs)",
RFC 8519, DOI 10.17487/RFC8519, March 2019,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8519>.
[RFC8525] Bierman, A., Bjorklund, M., Schoenwaelder, J., Watsen, K.,
and R. Wilton, "YANG Library", RFC 8525,
DOI 10.17487/RFC8525, March 2019,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8525>.
[RFC8805] Kline, E., Duleba, K., Szamonek, Z., Moser, S., and W.
Kumari, "A Format for Self-Published IP Geolocation
Feeds", RFC 8805, DOI 10.17487/RFC8805, August 2020,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8805>.
8.2. Informative References
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[IANA-Protocol-Numbers]
"Assigned Internet Protocol Numbers", Available:
https://www.iana.org/assignments/protocol-
numbers/protocol-numbers.xhtml, September 2020.
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Appendix A. Configuration Examples
This section shows configuration examples of "ietf-i2nsf-capability"
module for capabilities registration of general firewall.
A.1. Example 1: Registration for the Capabilities of a General Firewall
This section shows a configuration example for the capabilities
registration of a general firewall in either an IPv4 network or an
IPv6 network.
<nsf xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-i2nsf-capability">
<nsf-name>general_firewall</nsf-name>
<condition-capabilities>
<generic-nsf-capabilities>
<ipv4-capability>ipv4-protocol</ipv4-capability>
<ipv4-capability>exact-ipv4-address</ipv4-capability>
<ipv4-capability>range-ipv4-address</ipv4-capability>
<tcp-capability>exact-fourth-layer-port-num</tcp-capability>
<tcp-capability>range-fourth-layer-port-num</tcp-capability>
</generic-nsf-capabilities>
</condition-capabilities>
<action-capabilities>
<ingress-action-capability>pass</ingress-action-capability>
<ingress-action-capability>drop</ingress-action-capability>
<ingress-action-capability>alert</ingress-action-capability>
<egress-action-capability>pass</egress-action-capability>
<egress-action-capability>drop</egress-action-capability>
<egress-action-capability>alert</egress-action-capability>
</action-capabilities>
</nsf>
Figure 4: Configuration XML for the Capabilities Registration of a
General Firewall in an IPv4 Network
Figure 4 shows the configuration XML for the capabilities
registration of a general firewall as an NSF in an IPv4 network
[RFC5737]. Its capabilities are as follows.
1. The name of the NSF is general_firewall.
2. The NSF can inspect a protocol, an exact IPv4 address, and a
range of IPv4 addresses for IPv4 packets.
3. The NSF can inspect an exact port number and a range of port
numbers for the fourth layer packets.
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4. The NSF can control whether the packets are allowed to pass,
drop, or alert.
<nsf xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-i2nsf-capability">
<nsf-name>general_firewall</nsf-name>
<condition-capabilities>
<generic-nsf-capabilities>
<ipv6-capability>ipv6-protocol</ipv6-capability>
<ipv6-capability>exact-ipv6-address</ipv6-capability>
<ipv6-capability>range-ipv6-address</ipv6-capability>
<tcp-capability>exact-fourth-layer-port-num</tcp-capability>
<tcp-capability>range-fourth-layer-port-num</tcp-capability>
</generic-nsf-capabilities>
</condition-capabilities>
<action-capabilities>
<ingress-action-capability>pass</ingress-action-capability>
<ingress-action-capability>drop</ingress-action-capability>
<ingress-action-capability>alert</ingress-action-capability>
<egress-action-capability>pass</egress-action-capability>
<egress-action-capability>drop</egress-action-capability>
<egress-action-capability>alert</egress-action-capability>
</action-capabilities>
</nsf>
Figure 5: Configuration XML for the Capabilities Registration of a
General Firewall in an IPv6 Network
In addition, Figure 5 shows the configuration XML for the
capabilities registration of a general firewall as an NSF in an IPv6
network [RFC3849]. Its capabilities are as follows.
1. The name of the NSF is general_firewall.
2. The NSF can inspect a protocol, an exact IPv6 address, and a
range of IPv6 addresses for IPv6 packets.
3. The NSF can inspect an exact port number and a range of port
numbers for the fourth layer packets.
4. The NSF can control whether the packets are allowed to pass,
drop, or alert.
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A.2. Example 2: Registration for the Capabilities of a Time-based
Firewall
This section shows a configuration example for the capabilities
registration of a time-based firewall in either an IPv4 network or an
IPv6 network.
<nsf xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-i2nsf-capability">
<nsf-name>time_based_firewall</nsf-name>
<time-capabilities>absolute-time</time-capabilities>
<time-capabilities>periodic-time</time-capabilities>
<condition-capabilities>
<generic-nsf-capabilities>
<ipv4-capability>ipv4-protocol</ipv4-capability>
<ipv4-capability>exact-ipv4-address</ipv4-capability>
<ipv4-capability>range-ipv4-address</ipv4-capability>
</generic-nsf-capabilities>
</condition-capabilities>
<action-capabilities>
<ingress-action-capability>pass</ingress-action-capability>
<ingress-action-capability>drop</ingress-action-capability>
<ingress-action-capability>alert</ingress-action-capability>
<egress-action-capability>pass</egress-action-capability>
<egress-action-capability>drop</egress-action-capability>
<egress-action-capability>alert</egress-action-capability>
</action-capabilities>
</nsf>
Figure 6: Configuration XML for the Capabilities Registration of a
Time-based Firewall in an IPv4 Network
Figure 6 shows the configuration XML for the capabilities
registration of a time-based firewall as an NSF in an IPv4 network
[RFC5737]. Its capabilities are as follows.
1. The name of the NSF is time_based_firewall.
2. The NSF can execute the security policy rule according to
absolute time and periodic time.
3. The NSF can inspect a protocol, an exact IPv4 address, and a
range of IPv4 addresses for IPv4 packets.
4. The NSF can control whether the packets are allowed to pass,
drop, or alert.
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<nsf xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-i2nsf-capability">
<nsf-name>time_based_firewall</nsf-name>
<time-capabilities>absolute-time</time-capabilities>
<time-capabilities>periodic-time</time-capabilities>
<condition-capabilities>
<generic-nsf-capabilities>
<ipv6-capability>ipv6-protocol</ipv6-capability>
<ipv6-capability>exact-ipv6-address</ipv6-capability>
<ipv6-capability>range-ipv6-address</ipv6-capability>
</generic-nsf-capabilities>
</condition-capabilities>
<action-capabilities>
<ingress-action-capability>pass</ingress-action-capability>
<ingress-action-capability>drop</ingress-action-capability>
<ingress-action-capability>alert</ingress-action-capability>
<egress-action-capability>pass</egress-action-capability>
<egress-action-capability>drop</egress-action-capability>
<egress-action-capability>alert</egress-action-capability>
</action-capabilities>
</nsf>
Figure 7: Configuration XML for the Capabilities Registration of a
Time-based Firewall in an IPv6 Network
In addition, Figure 7 shows the configuration XML for the
capabilities registration of a time-based firewall as an NSF in an
IPv6 network [RFC3849]. Its capabilities are as follows.
1. The name of the NSF is time_based_firewall.
2. The NSF can execute the security policy rule according to
absolute time and periodic time.
3. The NSF can inspect a protocol, an exact IPv6 address, and a
range of IPv6 addresses for IPv6 packets.
4. The NSF can control whether the packets are allowed to pass,
drop, or alert.
A.3. Example 3: Registration for the Capabilities of a Web Filter
This section shows a configuration example for the capabilities
registration of a web filter.
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<nsf xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-i2nsf-capability">
<nsf-name>web_filter</nsf-name>
<condition-capabilities>
<advanced-nsf-capabilities>
<url-capability>user-defined</url-capability>
</advanced-nsf-capabilities>
</condition-capabilities>
<action-capabilities>
<ingress-action-capability>pass</ingress-action-capability>
<ingress-action-capability>drop</ingress-action-capability>
<ingress-action-capability>alert</ingress-action-capability>
<egress-action-capability>pass</egress-action-capability>
<egress-action-capability>drop</egress-action-capability>
<egress-action-capability>alert</egress-action-capability>
</action-capabilities>
</nsf>
Figure 8: Configuration XML for the Capabilities Registration of a
Web Filter
Figure 8 shows the configuration XML for the capabilities
registration of a web filter as an NSF. Its capabilities are as
follows.
1. The name of the NSF is web_filter.
2. The NSF can inspect url for http and https packets.
3. The NSF can control whether the packets are allowed to pass,
drop, or alert.
A.4. Example 4: Registration for the Capabilities of a VoIP/VoLTE
Filter
This section shows a configuration example for the capabilities
registration of a VoIP/VoLTE filter.
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<nsf xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-i2nsf-capability">
<nsf-name>voip_volte_filter</nsf-name>
<condition-capabilities>
<advanced-nsf-capabilities>
<voip-volte-capability>voice-id</voip-volte-capability>
</advanced-nsf-capabilities>
</condition-capabilities>
<action-capabilities>
<ingress-action-capability>pass</ingress-action-capability>
<ingress-action-capability>drop</ingress-action-capability>
<ingress-action-capability>alert</ingress-action-capability>
<egress-action-capability>pass</egress-action-capability>
<egress-action-capability>drop</egress-action-capability>
<egress-action-capability>alert</egress-action-capability>
</action-capabilities>
</nsf>
Figure 9: Configuration XML for the Capabilities Registration of a
VoIP/VoLTE Filter
Figure 9 shows the configuration XML for the capabilities
registration of a VoIP/VoLTE filter as an NSF. Its capabilities are
as follows.
1. The name of the NSF is voip_volte_filter.
2. The NSF can inspect a voice id for VoIP/VoLTE packets.
3. The NSF can control whether the packets are allowed to pass,
drop, or alert.
A.5. Example 5: Registration for the Capabilities of a HTTP and HTTPS
Flood Mitigator
This section shows a configuration example for the capabilities
registration of a HTTP and HTTPS flood mitigator.
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<nsf xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-i2nsf-capability">
<nsf-name>http_and_https_flood_mitigation</nsf-name>
<condition-capabilities>
<advanced-nsf-capabilities>
<anti-ddos-capability>http-flood-action</anti-ddos-capability>
<anti-ddos-capability>https-flood-action</anti-ddos-capability>
</advanced-nsf-capabilities>
</condition-capabilities>
<action-capabilities>
<ingress-action-capability>pass</ingress-action-capability>
<ingress-action-capability>drop</ingress-action-capability>
<ingress-action-capability>alert</ingress-action-capability>
<egress-action-capability>pass</egress-action-capability>
<egress-action-capability>drop</egress-action-capability>
<egress-action-capability>alert</egress-action-capability>
</action-capabilities>
</nsf>
Figure 10: Configuration XML for the Capabilities Registration of a
HTTP and HTTPS Flood Mitigator
Figure 10 shows the configuration XML for the capabilities
registration of a HTTP and HTTPS flood mitigator as an NSF. Its
capabilities are as follows.
1. The name of the NSF is http_and_https_flood_mitigation.
2. The IPv4 address of the NSF is assumed to be 192.0.2.11
[RFC5737]. Also, the IPv6 address of the NSF is assumed to be
2001:DB8:0:1::11 [RFC3849].
3. The NSF can control the amount of packets for HTTP and HTTPS
packets, which are routed to the NSF's IPv4 address or the NSF's
IPv6 address.
4. The NSF can control whether the packets are allowed to pass,
drop, or alert.
Appendix B. Acknowledgments
This work was supported by Institute of Information & Communications
Technology Planning & Evaluation (IITP) grant funded by the Korea
MSIT (Ministry of Science and ICT) (R-20160222-002755, Cloud based
Security Intelligence Technology Development for the Customized
Security Service Provisioning).
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Appendix C. Contributors
This document is made by the group effort of I2NSF working group.
Many people actively contributed to this document, such as Acee
Lindem, Roman Danyliw, and Tom Petch. The authors sincerely
appreciate their contributions.
The following are co-authors of this document:
Hyoungshick Kim
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
Sungkyunkwan University
2066 Seo-ro Jangan-gu
Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419
Republic of Korea
EMail: hyoung@skku.edu
Daeyoung Hyun
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
Sungkyunkwan University
2066 Seo-ro Jangan-gu
Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419
Republic of Korea
EMail: dyhyun@skku.edu
Dongjin Hong
Department of Electronic, Electrical and Computer Engineering
Sungkyunkwan University
2066 Seo-ro Jangan-gu
Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419
Republic of Korea
EMail: dong.jin@skku.edu
Liang Xia
Huawei
101 Software Avenue
Nanjing, Jiangsu 210012
China
EMail: Frank.Xialiang@huawei.com
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Jung-Soo Park
Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute
218 Gajeong-Ro, Yuseong-Gu
Daejeon, 34129
Republic of Korea
EMail: pjs@etri.re.kr
Tae-Jin Ahn
Korea Telecom
70 Yuseong-Ro, Yuseong-Gu
Daejeon, 305-811
Republic of Korea
EMail: taejin.ahn@kt.com
Se-Hui Lee
Korea Telecom
70 Yuseong-Ro, Yuseong-Gu
Daejeon, 305-811
Republic of Korea
EMail: sehuilee@kt.com
Authors' Addresses
Susan Hares (editor)
Huawei
7453 Hickory Hill
Saline, MI 48176
USA
Phone: +1-734-604-0332
EMail: shares@ndzh.com
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Jaehoon Paul Jeong (editor)
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
Sungkyunkwan University
2066 Seobu-Ro, Jangan-Gu
Suwon, Gyeonggi-Do 16419
Republic of Korea
Phone: +82 31 299 4957
Fax: +82 31 290 7996
EMail: pauljeong@skku.edu
URI: http://iotlab.skku.edu/people-jaehoon-jeong.php
Jinyong Tim Kim
Department of Electronic, Electrical and Computer Engineering
Sungkyunkwan University
2066 Seobu-Ro, Jangan-Gu
Suwon, Gyeonggi-Do 16419
Republic of Korea
Phone: +82 10 8273 0930
EMail: timkim@skku.edu
Robert Moskowitz
HTT Consulting
Oak Park, MI
USA
Phone: +1-248-968-9809
EMail: rgm@htt-consult.com
Qiushi Lin
Huawei
Huawei Industrial Base
Shenzhen, Guangdong 518129
China
EMail: linqiushi@huawei.com
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