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Versions: (RFC 3171) 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07
08 RFC 5771
INTERNET-DRAFT Z. Albanna
draft-ietf-mboned-rfc3171bis-00.txt K. Almeroth
D. Meyer
M. Schipper
Category Best Current Practice
Expires: May 2004 November 2003
IANA Guidelines for IPv4 Multicast Address Assignments
<draft-ietf-mboned-rfc3171bis-00.txt>
Status of this Document
This document is an Internet-Draft and is in full conformance with
all provisions of Section 10 of RFC2026.
Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups. Note that
other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-
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The key words "MUST"", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [RFC 2119].
This document is a product of the ABC working group. Comments should
be addressed to the authors, or the mailing list at
Copyright Notice
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2003). All Rights Reserved.
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Abstract
The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority is charged with allocating
parameter values for fields in protocols which have been designed,
created or are maintained by the Internet Engineering Task Force.
This document provides guidelines for the assignment of the IPv4 IP
multicast address space.
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Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2. Definition of Current Assignment Practice. . . . . . . . . . . 4
3. Local Network Control Block (224.0.0/24) . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3.1. Assignment Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
4. Internetwork Control Block (224.0.1/24). . . . . . . . . . . . 5
4.1. Assignment Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
5. AD-HOC Block (224.0.2/24 - 224.0.255/24) . . . . . . . . . . . 5
5.1. Assignment Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
6. SDP/SAP Block (224.2/16) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
6.1. Assignment Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
7. Source Specific Multicast Block (232/8). . . . . . . . . . . . 6
7.1. Assignment Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
8. GLOP Block (233/8) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
8.1. Assignment Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
9. Administratively Scoped Address Block (239/8). . . . . . . . . 7
9.1. Assignment Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
9.1.1. Relative Offsets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
10. Annual Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
10.1. Address Reclamation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
11. Use of IANA Reserved Addresses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
12. Intellectual Property . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
13. Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
14. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
15. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
16. Informative References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
17. Author's Addresses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
18. Full Copyright Statement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
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1. Introduction
The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) (www.iana.org) is
charged with allocating parameter values for fields in protocols
which have been designed, created or are maintained by the Internet
Engineering Task Force (IETF). RFC 2780 [RFC2780] provides the IANA
guidance in the assignment of parameters for fields in newly
developed protocols. This memo expands on section 4.4.2 of RFC 2780
and attempts to codify existing IANA practice used in the assignment
IPv4 multicast addresses.
2. Definition of Current Assignment Practice
Unlike IPv4 unicast address assignment, where blocks of addresses are
delegated to regional registries, IPv4 multicast addresses are
assigned directly by the IANA. Current assignments appear as follows
[IANA]:
224.0.0.0 - 224.0.0.255 (224.0.0/24) Local Network Control Block
224.0.1.0 - 224.0.1.255 (224.0.1/24) Internetwork Control Block
224.0.2.0 - 224.0.255.0 AD-HOC Block
224.1.0.0 - 224.1.255.255 (224.1/16) RESERVED
224.2.0.0 - 224.2.255.255 (224.2/16) SDP/SAP Block
224.3.0.0 - 231.255.255.255 RESERVED
232.0.0.0 - 232.255.255.255 (232/8) Source Specific Multicast Block
233.0.0.0 - 233.255.255.255 (233/8) GLOP Block
234.0.0.0 - 238.255.255.255 RESERVED
239.0.0.0 - 239.255.255.255 (239/8) Administratively Scoped Block
The IANA generally assigns addresses from the Local Network Control,
Internetwork Control, and AD-HOC blocks. Assignment guidelines for
each of these blocks, as well as for the Source Specific Multicast,
GLOP and Administratively Scoped Blocks, are described below.
3. Local Network Control Block (224.0.0/24)
Addresses in the Local Network Control block are used for protocol
control traffic that is not forwarded off link. Examples of this type
of use include OSPFIGP All Routers (224.0.0.5) [RFC2328].
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3.1. Assignment Guidelines
Pursuant to section 4.4.2 of RFC 2780 [RFC2780], assignments from the
Local Network Control block follow an Expert Review, IESG Approval or
Standards Action process. See [IANA] for the current set of
assignments.
4. Internetwork Control Block (224.0.1/24)
Addresses in the Internetwork Control block are used for protocol
control that must be forwarded through the Internet. Examples include
224.0.1.1 (NTP [RFC2030]) and 224.0.1.68 (mdhcpdiscover [RFC2730]).
4.1. Assignment Guidelines
Pursuant to section 4.4.2 of RFC 2780 [RFC2780], assignments from the
Internetwork Control block follow an Expert Review, IESG Approval or
Standards Action process. See [IANA] for the current set of
assignments.
5. AD-HOC Block (224.0.2/24 - 224.0.255/24)
Addresses in the AD-HOC block have traditionally been assigned for
those applications that don't fit in either the Local or Internetwork
Control blocks. These addresses are globally routed and are typically
used by applications that require small blocks of addressing (e.g.,
less than a /24).
5.1. Assignment Guidelines
In general, the IANA SHOULD NOT assign addressing in the AD-HOC
Block. However, the IANA may under special special circumstances,
assign addressing from this block. Pursuant to section 4.4.2 of RFC
2780 [RFC2780], assignments from the AD-HOC block follow an Expert
Review, IESG Approval or Standards Action process. See [IANA] for the
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current set of assignments.
6. SDP/SAP Block (224.2/16)
Addresses in the SDP/SAP block are used by applications that receive
addresses through the Session Announcement Protocol [RFC2974] for use
via applications like the session directory tool (such as SDR [SDR]).
6.1. Assignment Guidelines
Since addresses in the SDP/SAP block are chosen randomly from the
range of addresses not already in use [RFC2974], no IANA assignment
policy is required. Note that while no additional IANA assignment is
required, addresses in the SDP/SAP block are explicitly for use by
SDP/SAP and MUST NOT be used for other purposes.
7. Source Specific Multicast Block (232/8)
The Source Specific Multicast (SSM) is an extension of IP Multicast
in which traffic is forwarded to receivers from only those multicast
sources for which the receivers have explicitly expressed interest,
and is primarily targeted at one-to-many (broadcast) applications.
Note that this block as initially assigned to the VMTP transient
groups [IANA].
7.1. Assignment Guidelines
Because the SSM model essentially makes the entire multicast address
space local to the host, no IANA assignment policy is required. Note,
however, that while no additional IANA assignment is required,
addresses in the SSM block are explicitly for use by SSM and MUST NOT
be used for other purposes.
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8. GLOP Block (233/8)
Addresses in the GLOP block are globally scoped statically assigned
addresses. The assignment is made by mapping a domain's autonomous
system number into the middle two octets of 233.X.Y.0/24. The mapping
and assignment is defined in [RFC2770].
8.1. Assignment Guidelines
Because addresses in the GLOP block are algorithmically pre-assigned,
no IANA assignment policy is required. In addition, RFC 3138
[RFC3138] delegates assignment of the GLOP sub-block mapped by the
RFC 1930 [RFC1930] private AS space (233.252.0.0 - 233.255.255.255)
to the Internet Routing Registries. Note that while no additional
IANA assignment is required, addresses in the GLOP block are
assigned for use as defined in RFC 2770 and MUST NOT be used for
other purposes.
9. Administratively Scoped Address Block (239/8)
Addresses in the Administratively Scoped Address block are for local
use within a domain and are described in [RFC2365].
9.1. Assignment Guidelines
Since addresses in this block are local to a domain, no IANA
assignment policy is required.
9.1.1. Relative Offsets
The relative offsets [RFC2365] are used to ensure that a service can
be located independent of the extent of the enclosing scope (see RFC
2770 for details). Since there are only 256 such offsets, the IANA
should only assign a relative offset to a protocol that provides an
infrastructure supporting service. Examples of such services include
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the Session Announcement Protocol [RFC2974]. Pursuant to section
4.4.2 of RFC 2780 [RFC2780], assignments of Relative Offsets follow
an Expert Review, IESG Approval or Standards Action process. See
[IANA] for the current set of assignments.
10. Annual Review
Given the dynamic nature of IPv4 multicast and its associated
infrastructure, and the previously undocumented IPv4 multicast
address assignment guidelines, the IANA should conduct an annual
review of currently assigned addresses.
10.1. Address Reclamation
During the review described above, addresses that were mis-assigned
should, where possible, be reclaimed or reassigned.
The IANA should also review assignments reclaim those addresses that
are not in use on the global Internet (i.e, those applications which
can use SSM, GLOP, or Administratively Scoped addressing, or are not
globally routed).
11. Use of IANA Reserved Addresses
Applications MUST NOT use addressing in the IANA reserved blocks.
12. Intellectual Property
The IETF takes no position regarding the validity or scope of any
intellectual property or other rights that might be claimed to
pertain to the implementation or use of the technology described in
this document or the extent to which any license under such rights
might or might not be available; neither does it represent that it
has made any effort to identify any such rights. Information on the
IETF's procedures with respect to rights in standards-track and
standards-related documentation can be found in BCP-11 [RFC2028].
Copies of claims of rights made available for publication and any
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assurances of licenses to be made available, or the result of an
attempt made to obtain a general license or permission for the use of
such proprietary rights by implementors or users of this
specification can be obtained from the IETF Secretariat.
The IETF invites any interested party to bring to its attention any
copyrights, patents or patent applications, or other proprietary
rights which may cover technology that may be required to practice
this standard. Please address the information to the IETF Executive
Director.
13. Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank Randy Bush, John Meylor, Thomas
Narten, Joe St. Sauver, and Beau Williamson for their constructive
feedback and comments.
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14. Security Considerations
The assignment guidelines described in this document do not alter the
security properties of either the Any Source or Source Specific
multicast service models.
15. IANA Considerations
This document creates no new requirements on IANA namespaces
[RFC2434].
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16. Informative References
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to
Indicate Requirement Levels", RFC 2119, March,
1997.
[RFC2026] Bradner, S., "The Internet Standards Process --
Revision 3", RFC 2026/BCP 9, October, 1996.
[RFC2028] Hovey, R. and S. Bradner, "The Organizations
Involved in the IETF Standards Process", RFC
2028/BCP 11, October, 1996.
[RFC2434] Narten, T., and H. Alvestrand, "Guidelines for
Writing an IANA Considerations Section in RFCs",
RFC 2434/BCP 26, October 1998.
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17. Author's Addresses
Zaid Albanna
Email: zaid@juniper.net
Kevin Almeroth
Email: almeroth@cs.ucsb.edu
David Meyer
Email: dmm@1-4-5.net
Michelle S. Schipper
Email: iana@iana.org
18. Full Copyright Statement
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2003). All Rights Reserved.
This document and translations of it may be copied and furnished to
others, and derivative works that comment on or otherwise explain it
or assist in its implementation may be prepared, copied, published
and distributed, in whole or in part, without restriction of any
kind, provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are
included on all such copies and derivative works. However, this
document itself may not be modified in any way, such as by removing
the copyright notice or references to the Internet Society or other
Internet organizations, except as needed for the purpose of
developing Internet standards in which case the procedures for
copyrights defined in the Internet Standards process must be
followed, or as required to translate it into languages other than
English.
The limited permissions granted above are perpetual and will not be
revoked by the Internet Society or its successors or assigns.
This document and the information contained herein is provided on an
"AS IS" basis and THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE INTERNET ENGINEERING
TASK FORCE DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING
BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION
HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
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Albanna, Almeroth, Meyer, and Schipper Section 18. [Page 13]
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