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Network Working Group C. Jennings
Internet-Draft A. Begen
Intended status: Standards Track Cisco
Expires: September 15, 2011 March 14, 2011
Grouping of Adjacent Media in the Session Description Protocol
draft-jennings-mmusic-adjacent-grouping-03
Abstract
Applications such as multi-screen video conferencing systems or
advertisement boards often have multiple audio and video streams that
are organized to be rendered side by side or in a grid. This
specification uses the RFC 5888 Grouping Framework to define new
semantics for grouping the media streams to be rendered side by side
or in a grid and indicating their relative ordering.
Status of this Memo
This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.
Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
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This Internet-Draft will expire on September 15, 2011.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (c) 2011 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
document authors. All rights reserved.
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described in the Simplified BSD License.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3. Adjacent Media Grouping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3.1. "ADJ" Grouping Semantics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3.2. Grouping for SSRC-Multiplexed RTP Streams . . . . . . . . . 4
3.3. SDP Offer/Answer Model Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . 5
4. SDP Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
4.1. Horizontal Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
4.2. Grid Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
5. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
6. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
6.1. Registration of SDP Attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
6.2. Registration of Grouping Semantics . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
7. Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
8. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
8.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
8.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
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1. Introduction
There are many situations where applications create media streams
that are meant do be rendered adjacent to each other. A common
example is a multi-screen video conferencing system. Other examples
are several video monitors placed side by side to display signs, and
audio streams from a linear array of microphones, or a grid of
display for monitoring security cameras. The Session Description
Protocol (SDP) [RFC4566] allows negotiation of multiple media streams
but does not have a way to describe the ordering information to
indicate which media stream is adjacent to which one.
This specification introduces new grouping semantics, using the SDP
Grouping Framework defined in [RFC5888], that indicate media streams
are adjacent, and the adjacency order is defined by the order of the
entries in the group.
2. Terminology
This specification uses all the terms defined in [RFC5888] and will
not make sense unless you have read [RFC5888]. The key words "MUST",
"MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT",
"RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119].
3. Adjacent Media Grouping
3.1. "ADJ" Grouping Semantics
This specification defines new grouping semantics of "ADJ" that
indicate the media streams in this group are meant to be played or
displayed adjacently. Furthermore, the order of media streams in the
group indicates the adjacency order. This only indicates the order
the device sending the SDP believes is the preferred way to display
the media described in this SDP. This is a declarative SDP parameter
and is not negotiated.
N media streams could be in a linear horizontal layout, in which case
we use a grid size of 1 x N. Alternatively, N media streams could be
in a linear vertical layout, in which case we use a grid size of N x
1. In these configurations, the first stream in the group MUST be
the one corresponding to the left most and top most output unit,
respectively. In a more general grid size of N x M, we can group K
(where K <= N x M) media streams starting from the one corresponding
to the top-left output unit, and then doing a continuous horizontal
scanning of the grid row by row (i.e., scanning first the top row
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from left to right, and then the second row from left to right, and
so on). When we say left most, we mean from the point of view of the
person looking at the display.
To indicate the dimensions of the layout grid in an SDP description,
we define a new session-level attribute. The ABNF syntax [RFC5234]
for the new attribute is as follows:
media-grid-dims-line = "a=media-grid-dims:" rows "x" columns CRLF
rows = %x31-39 *DIGIT
columns = %x31-39 *DIGIT
The parameters 'rows' and 'columns' indicate the number of rows and
columns for this media grid. They both MUST be an integer larger
than zero.
If the 'media-grid-dims' attribute does not exist in the SDP
description, then a 1 x N horizontal linear layout MUST be assumed.
Per [RFC5888], there MAY be more than one adjacent media group in a
single SDP description.
3.2. Grouping for SSRC-Multiplexed RTP Streams
[RFC5576] defines an SDP media-level attribute, called 'ssrc-group',
for grouping the RTP streams that are SSRC multiplexed and carried in
the same RTP session. The grouping is based on the SSRC identifiers.
Since SSRC-multiplexed RTP streams are defined in the same "m" line,
the 'group' attribute cannot be used.
This section specifies how adjacency is described with SSRC-
multiplexed streams using the 'ssrc-group' attribute [RFC5576].
The semantics of "ADJ" for the 'ssrc-group' attribute are the same as
the one defined for the 'group' attribute except that the SSRC
identifiers are used to designate the adjacency grouping
associations: a=ssrc-group:ADJ *(SP ssrc-id) [RFC5576].
The SSRC identifiers for the RTP streams that are carried in the same
RTP session MUST be unique per [RFC3550]. However, the SSRC
identifiers are not guaranteed to be unique among different RTP
sessions. Thus, the 'ssrc-group' attribute MUST only be used at the
media level [RFC5576].
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3.3. SDP Offer/Answer Model Considerations
When offering adjacent media grouping using SDP in an Offer/Answer
model [RFC3264], the following considerations apply.
A node that is receiving an offer from a sender may or may not
understand line grouping. It is also possible that the node
understands line grouping but it does not understand the "ADJ"
semantics. From the viewpoint of the sender of the offer, these
cases are indistinguishable.
When a node is offered a session with the "ADJ" grouping semantics
but it does not support line grouping or the adjacent media grouping
semantics, as per [RFC5888], the node responds to the offer either
(1) with an answer that ignores the grouping attribute or (2) with a
refusal to the request (e.g., 488 Not Acceptable Here or 606 Not
Acceptable in SIP).
In the first case, the original sender of the offer must send a new
offer without any grouping. In the second case, if the sender of the
offer still wishes to establish the session, it should retry the
request with an offer without the adjacent media grouping. This
behavior is specified in [RFC5888].
The offer MUST contain the sender's desired layout. The answer MAY
contain the desired layout of the streams that the system sending the
answer will be sending to the system that sent the offer.
4. SDP Examples
This section provides SDP examples showing how to use the adjacent
media grouping.
4.1. Horizontal Layout
A video system with two screens and one audio channels sends a SIP
offer. The following figure shows a top-down view of the room with
the three screen system that is sending the SIP offer. Screen A is
the left most screen for the user in this room but should be
displayed as the rightmost screen for the user at the far end that
will be viewing the video.
Screen A Screen B
[----------][------------]
User
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Assume the SDP mid values for the screens are sa and sb, for Screens
A and B respectively. The offer contains the following in the SDP:
a=group:ADJ sb sa
The complete SDP in the offer could look like:
v=0
o=alice 2890844526 2890844526 IN IP4 host.atlanta.example.com
s=
c=IN IP4 host.atlanta.example.com
a=group:ADJ sb sa
t=0 0
m=audio 49101 RTP/AVP 101
a=rtpmap:101 PCMU/8000
m=video 49111 RTP/AVP 111
a=rtpmap:111 H261/90000
a=mid:sa
m=video 49112 RTP/AVP 112
a=rtpmap:112 H261/90000
a=mid:sb
There might be other media streams, such as presentation video, that
are not part of any "ADJ" group.
As a note to implementors, consider the case where each screen had
two media flows that were in the same FID group. In this case all
the media streams are still listed in the ADJ group and the order of
two streams in the same FID group can be arbitrarily picked as they
will be displayed on the same device.
4.2. Grid Layout
The following SDP is for a system providing 6 video streams to a wall
of screens. The wall has 3 columns and 2 rows of screens.
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v=0
o=bob 2890844526 2890844526 IN IP4 host.atlanta.example.com
s=
c=IN IP4 host.atlanta.example.com
a=group:ADJ 1 2 3 4 5 6
a=media-grid-dims:2x3
t=0 0
m=audio 49101 RTP/AVP 101
a=rtpmap:101 H261/90000
a=mid:1
m=audio 49102 RTP/AVP 102
a=rtpmap:102 H261/90000
a=mid:2
m=audio 49103 RTP/AVP 103
a=rtpmap:103 H261/90000
a=mid:3
m=audio 49104 RTP/AVP 104
a=rtpmap:104 H261/90000
a=mid:4
m=audio 49105 RTP/AVP 105
a=rtpmap:105 H261/90000
a=mid:5
m=audio 49106 RTP/AVP 106
a=rtpmap:106 H261/90000
a=mid:6
5. Security Considerations
Like all SDP, integrity of this information is important. When
carrying SDP in SIP, mechanisms such as Transport Layer Security
(TLS) can provide hop by hop confidentiality and integrity. The
receiver SHOULD do an integrity check on SDP and follow the security
considerations of SDP [RFC4566] to trust only SDP from trusted
sources. End-to-end integrity can be provided by [RFC4474].
6. IANA Considerations
Note to RFC Editor: Please replace [RFC-AAAA] with the RFC number
for this specification.
6.1. Registration of SDP Attributes
This document registers a new attribute name in SDP.
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SDP Attribute ("att-field"):
Attribute name: media-grid-dims
Long form: 2-D media grid dimensions
Type of name: att-field
Type of attribute: Session level
Subject to charset: No
Purpose: Specifies the dimensions for a media grid
Reference: [RFC-AAAA]
Values: See [RFC-AAAA]
6.2. Registration of Grouping Semantics
This document, following the Standards Action policy from [RFC5226],
registers the following semantics with IANA in the "Semantics for the
"group" SDP Attribute" registry under SDP Parameters:
Semantics Token Reference
--------------------------------- ----- -----------
Adjacent Media ADJ [RFC-AAAA]
This document also registers the following semantics with IANA in
"Semantics for the 'ssrc-group' SDP Attribute" registry under SDP
Parameters:
Token Semantics Reference
------- ----------------------------- ---------
RED Adjacent Media [RFC-AAAA]
7. Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank Flemming Andreasen, Allyn Romanow,
Roni Even, Hakon Dahle, Ingemar Johansson, Peter Musgrave, and Geir
Arne Sandbakken for their review comments.
8. References
8.1. Normative References
[RFC5888] Camarillo, G. and H. Schulzrinne, "The Session Description
Protocol (SDP) Grouping Framework", RFC 5888, June 2010.
[RFC4566] Handley, M., Jacobson, V., and C. Perkins, "SDP: Session
Description Protocol", RFC 4566, July 2006.
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[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.
[RFC5234] Crocker, D. and P. Overell, "Augmented BNF for Syntax
Specifications: ABNF", STD 68, RFC 5234, January 2008.
[RFC5576] Lennox, J., Ott, J., and T. Schierl, "Source-Specific
Media Attributes in the Session Description Protocol
(SDP)", RFC 5576, June 2009.
[RFC3264] Rosenberg, J. and H. Schulzrinne, "An Offer/Answer Model
with Session Description Protocol (SDP)", RFC 3264,
June 2002.
8.2. Informative References
[RFC4474] Peterson, J. and C. Jennings, "Enhancements for
Authenticated Identity Management in the Session
Initiation Protocol (SIP)", RFC 4474, August 2006.
[RFC5226] Narten, T. and H. Alvestrand, "Guidelines for Writing an
IANA Considerations Section in RFCs", BCP 26, RFC 5226,
May 2008.
[RFC3550] Schulzrinne, H., Casner, S., Frederick, R., and V.
Jacobson, "RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-Time
Applications", STD 64, RFC 3550, July 2003.
Authors' Addresses
Cullen Jennings
Cisco
170 West Tasman Drive
San Jose, CA 95134
USA
Phone: +1 408 421-9990
Email: fluffy@cisco.com
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Ali Begen
Cisco
181 Bay Street
Toronto, ON M5J 2T3
Canada
Email: abegen@cisco.com
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